| Term | stain |
|---|---|
| Tibetan | dri-ma |
| Sanskrit | |
| Pali | |
| Definition | Something that obscures the Buddha-nature factors, preventing them from being fully realized. |
| Arabic | المُلوِث |
|---|---|
| German | Fleck / Makel |
| Italian | macchia |
| Jeffrey Hopkins En, Ti... | stain; taint; defilement; contamination |
| Vietnamese | ô nhiễm, cấu uế |